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Originally Posted by GullFoss
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There's multiple problems with this idea.
1. You have to find takers, and countries generally aren't excited about taking in criminals from other countries. (It's also not always easy to know where someone actually came from.) Those countries might not have ways to deal with the criminals.
2. If you deport people instead of putting them in jail, those people often go free in the country they're deported in. This can be abused especially by international organized crime, and is just in general a bad idea.
3. This practice massively increases the stakes of reporting crime committed by an immigrant, which has several negative consequences. Crimes typically commited by people familiar to the victim such as domestic violence or sexual assault become much less reported, for starters.
In general this often creates an atmosphere among immigrant populations where going to the justice system is at least shunned if not outright banned by immigrant communities, which in turn creates environments that breed organized crime. It also increases feelings of unfairness and alienation and just a whole lot of problems when a group of people is treated differently by law than everyone else, and is thus makes integrating those communities harder.
It also has a massive tendency to make the police force treat immigrants different than everyone else, (because they are literally different), which increases hostility between the police and the immigrants.
When immigrant communities stop seeking for justice through the police and the legal system, that creates a need for alternate justice systems, a role often filled by those organized crime gangs hiding in the community, and when crime gangs become a justice system, suddenly a lot of people start feeling a need to be under the protection or part of some gang that can protect them.
Let's also remember that these practices are just flat out "these people are treated different than others because of who they are" as law, which is unconstitutional in many countries.
Even more broadly: a central logic behind the existence of justice is to create a situation where everyone gets the same punishment for the same crime, and this is extremely explicitly against that core idea of justice through law (instead of oldrr systems like justice through religion or justice through family feuds, for example).
Tl:dr; this idea is bad because it tends to make things worse.