Powerplay Quarterback
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1919: Arabs of Palestine Refused to Nominate Representatives to the Paris Peace Conference
Palestinians felt that the Paris Peace Conference was dominated by colonial powers with a biased agenda. They believed participating would legitimize decisions made without their consent, particularly the Balfour Declaration, which promised a national home for Jews in Palestine without consulting the indigenous Arab population.
1920: San Remo Conference Decisions, Rejected
The San Remo Conference granted Britain the mandate over Palestine, formalizing the Balfour Declaration's promise. Palestinians viewed this as a betrayal and a denial of their right to self-determination, seeing it as paving the way for increased Jewish immigration and future displacement.
1922: League of Nations Decisions, Rejected
The League of Nations ratified the British Mandate, incorporating the Balfour Declaration. Palestinians saw this as international endorsement of colonial rule and the Zionist project, undermining their national aspirations and demographic majority.
1937: Peel Commission Partition Proposal, Rejected
The Peel Commission proposed partitioning Palestine, allocating a significant portion to a Jewish state. Palestinians rejected it because it involved dividing their homeland and legitimizing large-scale Jewish immigration and settlement on lands they considered inherently Arab.
1938: Woodhead Partition Proposal, Rejected
The Woodhead Commission's revised partition plans still entailed significant land loss for Palestinians and failed to address their demands for independence and majority control. Palestinians continued to oppose the principle of partitioning their country.
1947: UN General Assembly Partition Proposal (UNGAR 181), Rejected
The UN partition plan proposed creating separate Jewish and Arab states, giving 55% of the land to the Jewish minority. Palestinians rejected it, believing it was unjust and favored the Zionist movement, leading to the dispossession and displacement of many Arabs.
1949: Israel's Outstretched Hand for Peace (UNGAR 194), Rejected
UNGAR 194 included a call for Palestinian refugees to return home. Palestinians viewed Israel's peace overtures skeptically, as they were paired with the expectation to recognize and legitimize the state of Israel without addressing the core issues of refugees, land rights, and sovereignty.
1967: Israel's Outstretched Hand for Peace (UNSCR 242), Rejected
After the Six-Day War, UNSCR 242 called for withdrawal from occupied territories but was ambiguous and did not explicitly call for complete withdrawal from all territories or address the rights of Palestinians to self-determination and statehood.
1978: Begin/Sa’adat Peace Proposal, Rejected (Except for Egypt)
The Camp David Accords focused primarily on peace between Egypt and Israel, neglecting Palestinian aspirations for an independent state and ignoring the broader Palestinian-Israeli conflict, leading other Arab states and Palestinians to reject it.
1994: Rabin/Hussein Peace Agreement, Rejected by the Rest of the Arab League (Except for Egypt)
While Jordan and Israel made peace, Palestinians and other Arab nations felt the agreement failed to adequately address Palestinian sovereignty, refugee rights, and the status of Jerusalem.
1995: Rabin's Contour-for-Peace, Rejected
Rabin's proposals were seen as insufficient in addressing core Palestinian demands such as the right of return for refugees, full sovereignty, and control over East Jerusalem, leading to a lack of confidence in the peace process.
2000: Barak/Clinton Peace Offer, Rejected
Palestinians viewed the offer as inadequate, particularly regarding territorial contiguity, the right of return for refugees, and control over East Jerusalem. They felt the proposal did not ensure a viable and sovereign Palestinian state.
2001: Barak’s Offer at Taba, Rejected
Although progress was made, significant gaps remained on key issues such as borders, refugees, and Jerusalem. Palestinians believed the offer still fell short of meeting their minimum national rights and aspirations.
2005: Sharon's Peace Gesture, Withdrawal from Gaza, Rejected
Palestinians saw the unilateral withdrawal from Gaza as a strategy to solidify Israeli control over the West Bank and East Jerusalem. The move was perceived as insufficient and a way to avoid broader peace negotiations.
2008: Olmert/Bush Peace Offer, Rejected
Despite significant concessions, Palestinians felt the proposal did not adequately address the right of return for refugees, full sovereignty, or a fair division of Jerusalem. They also doubted the sincerity and feasibility of implementation.
2009 to Present: Netanyahu's Repeated Invitations to Peace Talks, Rejected
Palestinians viewed Netanyahu's offers as lacking in substance, with ongoing settlement expansion in the West Bank undermining trust and any genuine commitment to a two-state solution. They felt these invitations were more about improving Israel's international image than achieving a just peace.
2014: Kerry's Contour-for-Peace, Rejected
Palestinians felt Kerry's framework did not sufficiently address their key demands on borders, the status of Jerusalem, and the rights of refugees. There was also skepticism about the U.S. being an impartial mediator and doubts about Israel's willingness to follow through on necessary compromises.
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