[calgarygeologist]

Originally Posted by opendoor

Love the antivaxxer buzzwords. "Leaky vaccines". Are flu vaccines "leaky"?

Here are some resources and definitions of leaky vaccines vs all-or-nothing vaccines:

We apply our analysis to two mechanisms of vaccine action, ‘all-or-nothing’ and ‘leaky’ vaccines [9]. An ‘all-or-nothing’ vaccine offers complete protection to a subset of the vaccinated individuals but does not take in the remainder of vaccinated individuals, whereas a ‘leaky’ vaccine offers partial protection to every vaccinated individual.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/art...9/#!po=1.28205

The mechanics of vaccine-preventable childhood diseases depend on the underlying disease process and the nature of the vaccine. Different types of vaccines can have different impacts on population-level dynamics. Consider three candidate imperfect vaccines:

Vaccine 1: Reduces the probability of infection upon exposure by a factor ε.

Vaccine 2: Provides no protection to a fraction ε of the vaccinees and perfect lifetime immunity to the remainder.

Vaccine 3: Provides perfect protection to each vaccinee for an exponentially distributed “waning time,” after which the vaccinee becomes as susceptible as unvaccinated individuals. The probability of immunity waning within a vaccinated host's lifetime is given by ε.

These examples illustrate the three different avenues of vaccine failure that are commonly considered in the literature. McLean and Blower [14] introduced the following terminology: when a vaccine only reduces the probability of infection upon exposure but does not eliminate it as in the case of vaccine 1, this is called failure in degree. When a vaccine has no effect on some individuals but confers complete protection in others as in the case of vaccine 2, this is called failure in take. When the protection conferred wanes over time as with vaccine 3, this is termed failure in duration. Halloran et al. [6] used the term leaky vaccine (inspired by the literature on malaria) to describe a vaccine that only exhibits failure in degree, and all-or-nothing vaccine for one that demonstrates failure in take. A vaccine that only displays failure in duration is called a waning vaccine. Farrington et al. [4] lists the vaccine for pertussis as a possibly leaky vaccine, those for measles and rubella as all-or-nothing vaccines, and that for cholera as a waning vaccine.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/art...5/#!po=17.8571