I worked at the arena in my hometown for a couple of winters. Its a combination. The first layers of ice are put down and when frozen the entire surface is "painted" white. Its basically water with a bit of white coloring in it. Once thats done another layer of water is put on. then once frozen the lines are put down. We painted our lines, and used a decal like fabric for the center ice logo and the advertising. After all that is put down the top layers of ice are put on to complete it. Ice can be scraped and cleaned using the top ice so no damage is done to the lines below.
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