[CaptainCrunch]

Jan 18th

474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor. He dies ten months later.

1486 – King Henry VII of England marries Elizabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV.

1535 – Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro founds Lima, the capital of Peru.

1562 – Pope Pius IV reopens the Council of Trent for its third and final session.

1778 – James Cook is the first known European to discover the Hawaiian Islands, which he names the "Sandwich Islands".

1788 – The first elements of the First Fleet carrying 736 convicts from Great Britain to Australia arrive at Botany Bay.

1866 – Wesley College, Melbourne, is established.

1871 – Wilhelm I of Germany is proclaimed Kaiser Wilhelm in the Hall of Mirrors of the Palace of Versailles (France) towards the end of the Franco-Prussian War. Wilhelm already had the title of German Emperor since the constitution of 1 January 1871, but he had hesitated to accept the title.

1886 – Modern hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England.

1896 – An X-ray generating machine is exhibited for the first time by H. L. Smith.

1911 – Eugene B. Ely lands on the deck of the USS Pennsylvania anchored in San Francisco Bay, the first time an aircraft landed on a ship.

1915 – Japan issues the "Twenty-One Demands" to the Republic of China in a bid to increase its power in East Asia.

1919 – World War I: The Paris Peace Conference opens in Versailles, France.

1941 – World War II: British troops launch a general counter-offensive against Italian East Africa.

1943 – Warsaw Ghetto Uprising: The first uprising of Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto.

1945 – World War II: Liberation of Kraków, Poland by the Red Army.

1958 – Willie O'Ree, the first African Canadian National Hockey League player, makes his NHL debut with the Boston Bruins.

1969 – United Airlines Flight 266 crashes into Santa Monica Bay killing all 32 passengers and six crew members.

1974 – A Disengagement of Forces agreement is signed between the Israeli and Egyptian governments, ending conflict on the Egyptian front of the Yom Kippur War.

1977 – Scientists identify a previously unknown bacterium as the cause of the mysterious Legionnaires' disease.

1978 – The European Court of Human Rights finds the United Kingdom's government guilty of mistreating prisoners in Northern Ireland, but not guilty of torture.

1983 – The International Olympic Committee restores Jim Thorpe's Olympic medals to his family.

1990 – Washington, D.C. Mayor Marion Barry is arrested for drug possession in an FBI sting.

1993 – Martin Luther King, Jr. Day is officially observed for the first time in all 50 states.

2005 – The Airbus A380, the world's largest commercial jet, is unveiled at a ceremony in Toulouse, France2008 – The Euphronios Krater is unveiled in Rome after being returned to Italy by the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

2009 – Gaza War: Hamas announces they will accept Israel Defense Forces offer of a ceasefire, ending the assault.