RE: Electors
Individual Electors are, Constitutionally, free to vote for whomever they want for President. Some States have passed laws which either fine a "faithless" Elector or allow for the replacement of that Elector, or allow political parties to extract pledges from Electors to vote for that party's candidate should they win the popular vote.
The question of if these laws and pledges are Constitutional, however, is an open question which has never been tested at the Supreme Court. The question of pledges has been tested, but the Court has merely ruled they may be asked for, not if they are binding, nor if a party could replace an Elector who did not follow through with their pledge.
Given that the Supreme Court is a 4-4 split between Democrat and Republican aligned Justices, a case or group of cases regarding Faithless Electors would be particularly fascinating to see - especially as a tied Supreme Court ruling would leave a lower court decision in place and multiple, and conflicting, Circuit Court rulings could theoretically be involved.
In the event that no person amasses a majority of the EC votes, the election is turned over to the House, but each State delegation gets a single vote. Should that tie 25-25 then the Vice-President Elect (as chosen by the Senate, in the result of no one getting 270 Electoral College votes) shall choose the President.
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