I totally agree with Vancouver, affordability is very low there and their wages increases aren't very good.
For Calgary as to why 40%? Hard to say, other than real estate was way below other major centres and combine that with a huge influx and constrained supplies and prices quickly rise. But I
wouldn't bet the bank on another 40%. The best way to invest in real estate isn't really buy and flip anyway (unless you are doing something to add value such as renovate, subdivide, rezone, whatever).
EDIT: Ooops, amazing what a missed "n't" will do