GP_Matt has it right taxes, fees etc are mostly set by the government. Individual airports do charge an Airport Improvement Fee (AIF on your ticket) and that varies from airport to airport but generally isn't more than $10 or $15.
In the United States there's less regulation, and a greater population. Their airlines thrive almost exclusively on the hub model. That's why if you fly United you usually have a connection in Chicago, Delta in Atlanta, JetBlue at JFK.
In Canada there aren't many airports to set as a hub (Toronto, Montréal, Calgary, maybe Vancouver, and Halifax). Those airports are very well serviced through WestJet & Air Canada and in the East to a lesser extent Porter.
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"Calgary Flames is the best team in all the land" - My Brainwashed Son
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