In the category of Innovator / Humanitarian, team Five-hole selects
Martin Luther.
The first line of his wikipedia entry says it all: "Martin Luther (10 November 1483 - 18 February 1546) changed the course of Western civilization by initiating the Protestant Reformation."
I'm assuming there aren't
too many more people whose biographies begin like that. He:
-
singlehandedly split the Catholic Church in half
- told the Pope to eff off
- authored the first translation of the Bible according to "Protestant" doctrine
- argued that National Defence could be a just cause of war (as opposed to war on religious grounds)
- perhaps the first man in history to have a sudden "15 minutes of fame" ("The 95 Theses were quickly translated from Latin into German, printed, and widely copied, making the controversy one of the first in history to be aided by the printing press. Within two weeks, copies of the theses had spread throughout Germany; within two months throughout Europe.")
He joins Nicolaus Copernicus in team Five-hole's Illustrious Roster of Men Screwing the Catholic Church.
Wikipedia entry